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@ -15,15 +15,18 @@
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from __future__ import division
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from wafo.transform.core import TrData
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from wafo.transform.models import TrHermite, TrOchi, TrLinear
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from wafo.stats import edf
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from wafo.interpolate import SmoothSpline
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from scipy.interpolate.interpolate import interp1d
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from scipy.integrate.quadrature import cumtrapz #@UnresolvedImport
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from scipy.special import ndtr as cdfnorm, ndtri as invnorm
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import warnings
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import numpy as np
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from numpy import (inf, pi, zeros, ones, sqrt, where, log, exp, sin, arcsin, mod, finfo, interp, #@UnresolvedImport
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newaxis, linspace, arange, sort, all, abs, vstack, hstack, atleast_1d, #@UnresolvedImport
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polyfit, r_, nonzero, cumsum, ravel, size, isnan, nan, floor, ceil, diff, array) #@UnresolvedImport
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finfo, polyfit, r_, nonzero, cumsum, ravel, size, isnan, nan, floor, ceil, diff, array) #@UnresolvedImport
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from numpy.fft import fft
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from numpy.random import randn
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from scipy.integrate import trapz
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@ -31,9 +34,6 @@ from pylab import stineman_interp
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from matplotlib.mlab import psd, detrend_mean
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import scipy.signal
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from scipy.special import erf, ndtri
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from wafo.misc import (nextpow2, findtp, findtc, findcross, sub_dict_select,
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ecross, JITImport, DotDict)
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from wafodata import WafoData
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@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ from scipy.stats.stats import skew, kurtosis
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from scipy.signal.windows import parzen
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from scipy import special
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floatinfo = finfo(float)
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matplotlib.interactive(True)
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_wafocov = JITImport('wafo.covariance')
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_wafospec = JITImport('wafo.spectrum')
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@ -187,7 +188,7 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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mini = -maxi
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u = linspace(mini, maxi, 101)
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G = (1 + erf(u / sqrt(2))) / 2
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G = cdfnorm(u) #(1 + erf(u / sqrt(2))) / 2
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G = G * (1 - G)
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x = linspace(0, r1, 100)
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@ -315,19 +316,19 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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>>> tp = ts.turning_points()
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>>> mm = tp.cycle_pairs()
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>>> lc = mm.level_crossings()
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>>> g0, gemp = lc.trdata(monitor=True) # Monitor the development
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>>> g1, gemp = lc.trdata(gvar=0.5 ) # Equal weight on all points
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>>> g2, gemp = lc.trdata(gvar=[3.5, 0.5, 3.5]) # Less weight on the ends
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>>> g0, g0emp = lc.trdata(monitor=True) # Monitor the development
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>>> g1, g1emp = lc.trdata(gvar=0.5 ) # Equal weight on all points
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>>> g2, g2emp = lc.trdata(gvar=[3.5, 0.5, 3.5]) # Less weight on the ends
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>>> int(S.tr.dist2gauss()*100)
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593
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>>> int(gemp.dist2gauss()*100)
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431
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>>> int(g0emp.dist2gauss()*100)
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492
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>>> int(g0.dist2gauss()*100)
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391
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361
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>>> int(g1.dist2gauss()*100)
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311
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352
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>>> int(g2.dist2gauss()*100)
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357
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365
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hold on, trplot(g1,g) # Check the fit
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trplot(g2)
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@ -357,7 +358,7 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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sigma = self.stdev
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opt = DotDict(chkder=True, plotflag=False, csm=0.9, gsm=.05,
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param=(-5, 5, 513), delay=2, lin_extrap=True, ntr=inf, ne=7, cvar=1, gvar=1)
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param=(-5, 5, 513), delay=2, linextrap=True, ntr=inf, ne=7, cvar=1, gvar=1)
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# If just 'defaults' passed in, return the default options in g
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opt.update(options)
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@ -411,7 +412,7 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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imax = abs(lc22 - 0.85).argmin()
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inde = slice(imin, imax + 1)
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lc222 = SmoothSpline(lc11[inde], g22[inde], opt.csm, opt.lin_extrap, cvar[inde])(lc11[inde])
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lc222 = SmoothSpline(lc11[inde], g22[inde], opt.csm, opt.linextrap, cvar[inde])(lc11[inde])
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#tmp = smooth(cros(inde,1),g2(inde,2),opt.csm,cros(inde,1),def,cvar(inde));
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@ -420,18 +421,20 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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#u0 = interp1q(cros(:,2),cros(:,1),.5)
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lc22 = ndtri(lc22) - u0 #invnorm(lc22, -u0, 1);
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#lc22 = ndtri(lc22) - u0 #
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lc22 = invnorm(lc22) - u0
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g2 = TrData(lc22.copy(), lc1.copy(), mean, sigma ** 2)
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g2 = TrData(lc22.copy(), lc1.copy(), mean=mean, sigma=sigma)
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g2.setplotter('step')
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# NB! the smooth function does not always extrapolate well outside the edges
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# causing poor estimate of g
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# We may alleviate this problem by: forcing the extrapolation
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# to be linear outside the edges or choosing a lower value for csm2.
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inds = slice(Ne, ncr - Ne) # indices to points we are smoothing over
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scros2 = SmoothSpline(lc11[inds], lc22[inds], opt.gsm, opt.lin_extrap, gvar[inds])(uu)
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scros2 = SmoothSpline(lc11[inds], lc22[inds], opt.gsm, opt.linextrap, gvar[inds])(uu)
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g = TrData(scros2, g1, mean, sigma ** 2) #*sa; #multiply with stdev
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g = TrData(scros2, g1, mean=mean, sigma=sigma) #*sa; #multiply with stdev
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if opt.chkder:
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for ix in range(5):
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@ -444,14 +447,14 @@ class LevelCrossings(WafoData):
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eps = finfo(float).eps
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dy[dy > 0] = eps
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gvar = -(hstack((dy, 0)) + hstack((0, dy))) / 2 + eps
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g.data = SmoothSpline(g.args, g.data, 1, opt.lin_extrap, ix * gvar)(g.args)
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g.data = SmoothSpline(g.args, g.data, 1, opt.linextrap, ix * gvar)(g.args)
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else:
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break
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if opt.plotflag > 0:
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g.plot()
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g2.plot()
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g2.setplotter('step')
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return g, g2
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class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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@ -475,11 +478,11 @@ class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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>>> h1 = mm.plot(marker='x')
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'''
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
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self.type_ = kwds.get('type_', 'max2min')
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self.stdev = kwds.get('stdev', None)
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self.mean = kwds.get('mean', None)
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self.kind = kwds.pop('kind', 'max2min')
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self.stdev = kwds.pop('stdev', None)
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self.mean = kwds.pop('mean', None)
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options = dict(title=self.type_ + ' cycle pairs',
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options = dict(title=self.kind + ' cycle pairs',
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xlab='min', ylab='max',
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plot_args=['b.'])
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options.update(**kwds)
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@ -531,17 +534,17 @@ class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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amp = abs(self.amplitudes())
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return atleast_1d([K * np.sum(amp ** betai) for betai in beta])
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def level_crossings(self, type_='uM'):
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def level_crossings(self, kind='uM'):
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""" Return number of upcrossings from a cycle count.
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Parameters
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----------
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type_ : int or string
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kind : int or string
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defining crossing type, options are
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0,'u' : only upcrossings.
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1,'uM' : upcrossings and maxima (default).
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2,'umM': upcrossings, minima, and maxima.
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3,'um' :upcrossings and minima.
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3,'um' : upcrossings and minima.
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Return
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------
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lc : level crossing object
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@ -567,14 +570,14 @@ class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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LevelCrossings
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"""
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if isinstance(type_, str):
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if isinstance(kind, str):
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t = dict(u=0, uM=1, umM=2, um=3)
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defnr = t.get(type_, 1)
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defnr = t.get(kind, 1)
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else:
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defnr = type_
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defnr = kind
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if ((defnr < 0) or (defnr > 3)):
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raise ValueError('type_ must be one of (1,2,3,4).')
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raise ValueError('kind must be one of (1,2,3,4).')
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index, = nonzero(self.args <= self.data)
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if index.size == 0:
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@ -589,9 +592,7 @@ class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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# error('Error in input cc.')
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#end
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ncc = len(m)
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#ones = np.ones
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#zeros = np.zeros
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#cumsum = np.cumsum
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minima = vstack((m, ones(ncc), zeros(ncc), ones(ncc)))
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maxima = vstack((M, -ones(ncc), ones(ncc), zeros(ncc)))
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@ -622,7 +623,7 @@ class CyclePairs(WafoData):
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dcount = cumsum(extr[1, 0:nx]) - extr[3, 0:nx]
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elif defnr == 3: ## This are upcrossings + minima + maxima
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dcount = cumsum(extr[1, 0:nx]) + extr[2, 0:nx]
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return LevelCrossings(dcount, levels, stdev=self.stdev)
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return LevelCrossings(dcount, levels, mean=self.mean, stdev=self.stdev)
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class TurningPoints(WafoData):
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'''
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@ -644,12 +645,15 @@ class TurningPoints(WafoData):
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>>> h1 = tp.plot(marker='x')
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'''
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
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super(TurningPoints, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
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self.name = 'WAFO TurningPoints Object'
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somekeys = ['name']
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self.__dict__.update(sub_dict_select(kwds, somekeys))
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self.name_ = kwds.pop('name', 'WAFO TurningPoints Object')
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self.stdev = kwds.pop('stdev', None)
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self.mean = kwds.pop('mean', None)
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options = dict(title='Turning points')
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#plot_args=['b.'])
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options.update(**kwds)
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super(TurningPoints, self).__init__(*args, **options)
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#self.setlabels()
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if not any(self.args):
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n = len(self.data)
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self.args = range(0, n)
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@ -657,12 +661,12 @@ class TurningPoints(WafoData):
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self.args = ravel(self.args)
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self.data = ravel(self.data)
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def cycle_pairs(self, type_='min2max'):
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def cycle_pairs(self, kind='min2max'):
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""" Return min2Max or Max2min cycle pairs from turning points
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Parameters
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----------
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type_ : string
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kind : string
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type of cycles to return options are 'min2max' or 'max2min'
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Return
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@ -694,14 +698,14 @@ class TurningPoints(WafoData):
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# Extract min-max and max-min cycle pairs
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#n = len(self.data)
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if type_.lower().startswith('min2max'):
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if kind.lower().startswith('min2max'):
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m = self.data[im:-1:2]
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M = self.data[im + 1::2]
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else:
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type_ = 'max2min'
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kind = 'max2min'
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M = self.data[iM:-1:2]
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m = self.data[iM + 1::2]
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return CyclePairs(M, m, type=type_)
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return CyclePairs(M, m, kind=kind, mean=self.mean, stdev=self.stdev)
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def mat2timeseries(x):
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"""
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@ -735,6 +739,7 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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>>> h = rf.plot()
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>>> S = ts.tospecdata()
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The default L is set to 68
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>>> tp = ts.turning_points()
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>>> mm = tp.cycle_pairs()
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@ -745,14 +750,12 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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'''
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
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self.name_ = kwds.pop('name', 'WAFO TimeSeries Object')
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self.sensortypes = kwds.pop('sensortypes',['n', ])
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self.position = kwds.pop('position', [zeros(3), ])
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super(TimeSeries, self).__init__(*args, **kwds)
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self.name = 'WAFO TimeSeries Object'
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self.sensortypes = ['n', ]
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self.position = [zeros(3), ]
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somekeys = ['sensortypes', 'position']
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self.__dict__.update(sub_dict_select(kwds, somekeys))
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#self.setlabels()
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if not any(self.args):
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n = len(self.data)
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self.args = range(0, n)
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@ -900,14 +903,14 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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dt = self.sampling_period()
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#fs = 1. / (2 * dt)
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yy = self.data.ravel() if tr is None else tr.dat2gauss(self.data.ravel())
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yy = detrend(yy) if hasattr(detrend,'__call__') else yy
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yy = detrend(yy) if hasattr(detrend, '__call__') else yy
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S, f = psd(yy, Fs=1./dt, NFFT=L, detrend=detrend, window=window,
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noverlap=noverlap,pad_to=pad_to, scale_by_freq=True)
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S, f = psd(yy, Fs=1. / dt, NFFT=L, detrend=detrend, window=window,
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noverlap=noverlap, pad_to=pad_to, scale_by_freq=True)
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fact = 2.0 * pi
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w = fact * f
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return _wafospec.SpecData1D(S / fact, w)
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def tospecdata(self, L=None, tr=None, method='cov',detrend=detrend_mean, window=parzen, noverlap=0, pad_to=None, ftype='w', alpha=None):
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def tospecdata(self, L=None, tr=None, method='cov', detrend=detrend_mean, window=parzen, noverlap=0, pad_to=None, ftype='w', alpha=None):
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'''
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Estimate one-sided spectral density from data.
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@ -973,48 +976,48 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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dt = self.sampling_period()
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#yy = self.data if tr is None else tr.dat2gauss(self.data)
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yy = self.data.ravel() if tr is None else tr.dat2gauss(self.data.ravel())
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yy = detrend(yy) if hasattr(detrend,'__call__') else yy
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yy = detrend(yy) if hasattr(detrend, '__call__') else yy
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n = len(yy)
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L = min(L,n);
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L = min(L, n);
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max_L = min(300,n); #% maximum lag if L is undetermined
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max_L = min(300, n); #% maximum lag if L is undetermined
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change_L = L is None
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if change_L:
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L = min(n-2, int(4./3*max_L+0.5))
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L = min(n - 2, int(4. / 3 * max_L + 0.5))
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if method=='cov' or change_L:
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if method == 'cov' or change_L:
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tsy = TimeSeries(yy, self.args)
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R = tsy.tocovdata()
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if change_L:
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#finding where ACF is less than 2 st. deviations.
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L = max_L-(np.abs(R.data[max_L::-1])>2*R.stdev[max_L::-1]).argmax() # a better L value
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if wdef==1: # % modify L so that hanning and Parzen give appr. the same result
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L = min(int(4*L/3),n-2)
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L = max_L - (np.abs(R.data[max_L::-1]) > 2 * R.stdev[max_L::-1]).argmax() # a better L value
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if wdef == 1: # % modify L so that hanning and Parzen give appr. the same result
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L = min(int(4 * L / 3), n - 2)
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print('The default L is set to %d' % L)
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try:
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win = window(2*L-1)
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win = window(2 * L - 1)
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wname = window.__name__
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if wname=='parzen':
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v = int(3.71*n/L) # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2*pi*1.33/(L*dt) # % bandwidth (rad/sec)
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elif wname=='hanning':
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v = int(2.67*n/L); # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2*pi/(L*dt); # % bandwidth (rad/sec)
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elif wname=='bartlett':
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v = int(3*n/L); # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2*pi*1.33/(L*dt); # bandwidth (rad/sec)
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if wname == 'parzen':
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v = int(3.71 * n / L) # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2 * pi * 1.33 / (L * dt) # % bandwidth (rad/sec)
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elif wname == 'hanning':
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v = int(2.67 * n / L); # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2 * pi / (L * dt); # % bandwidth (rad/sec)
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elif wname == 'bartlett':
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v = int(3 * n / L); # degrees of freedom used in chi^2 distribution
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Be = 2 * pi * 1.33 / (L * dt); # bandwidth (rad/sec)
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except:
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wname = None
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win = window
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v = None
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Be = None
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if method=='psd':
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nf = rate*2**nextpow2(2*L-2) # Interpolate the spectrum with rate
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nfft = 2*nf
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S, f = psd(yy, Fs=1./dt, NFFT=nfft, detrend=detrend, window=window,
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noverlap=noverlap,pad_to=pad_to, scale_by_freq=True)
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if method == 'psd':
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nf = rate * 2 ** nextpow2(2 * L - 2) # Interpolate the spectrum with rate
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nfft = 2 * nf
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S, f = psd(yy, Fs=1. / dt, NFFT=nfft, detrend=detrend, window=window,
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noverlap=noverlap, pad_to=pad_to, scale_by_freq=True)
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fact = 2.0 * pi
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w = fact * f
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spec = _wafospec.SpecData1D(S / fact, w)
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@ -1022,18 +1025,18 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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# add a nugget effect to ensure that round off errors
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# do not result in negative spectral estimates
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R.data = R.data[:L]*win[L-1::]
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R.data = R.data[:L] * win[L - 1::]
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R.args = R.args[:L]
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spec = R.tospecdata(rate=2,nugget=nugget)
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spec = R.tospecdata(rate=2, nugget=nugget)
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spec.Bw = Be
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if ftype=='f':
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spec.Bw = Be/(2*pi) # bandwidth in Hz
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if ftype == 'f':
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spec.Bw = Be / (2 * pi) # bandwidth in Hz
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if alpha is not None :
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#% Confidence interval constants
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CI = [v/_invchi2( 1-alpha/2 ,v), v/_invchi2( alpha/2 ,v)];
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CI = [v / _invchi2(1 - alpha / 2 , v), v / _invchi2(alpha / 2 , v)];
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spec.tr = tr
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spec.L = L
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@ -1047,27 +1050,93 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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# S.S = zeros(nf+1,m-1);
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return spec
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def _trdata_cdf(self, **options):
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'''
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Estimate transformation, g, from observed marginal CDF.
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Assumption: a Gaussian process, Y, is related to the
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non-Gaussian process, X, by Y = g(X).
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Parameters
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----------
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options = options structure defining how the smoothing is done.
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(See troptset for default values)
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Returns
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-------
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tr, tr_emp = smoothed and empirical estimate of the transformation g.
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The empirical CDF is usually very irregular. More than one local
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maximum of the empirical CDF may cause poor fit of the transformation.
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In such case one should use a smaller value of GSM or set a larger
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variance for GVAR. If X(t) is likely to cross levels higher than 5
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standard deviations then the vector param has to be modified. For
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example if X(t) is unlikely to cross a level of 7 standard deviations
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one can use param = [-7 7 513].
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def trdata(self, method='nonlinear', **options):
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'''
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Estimate transformation, g, from data.
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CALL: [g test cmax irr g2] = dat2tr(x,def,options);
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mean = self.data.mean()
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sigma = self.data.std()
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cdf = edf(self.data.ravel())
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opt = DotDict(chkder=True, plotflag=False, gsm=0.05, param=[-5, 5, 513],
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delay=2, linextrap=True, ntr=1000, ne=7, gvar=1)
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opt.update(options)
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Ne = opt.ne
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nd = len(cdf.data)
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if nd > opt.ntr and opt.ntr > 0:
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x0 = linspace(cdf.args[Ne], cdf.args[nd - 1 - Ne], opt.ntr)
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cdf.data = interp(x0, cdf.args, cdf.data)
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cdf.args = x0
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Ne = 0
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uu = linspace(*opt.param)
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ncr = len(cdf.data);
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ng = len(np.atleast_1d(opt.gvar))
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if ng == 1:
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gvar = opt.gvar * ones(ncr)
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else:
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opt.gvar = np.atleast_1d(opt.gvar)
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gvar = interp(linspace(0, 1, ncr), linspace(0, 1, ng), opt.gvar.ravel())
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ind = np.flatnonzero(diff(cdf.args) > 0) # remove equal points
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nd = len(ind)
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ind1 = ind[Ne:nd - Ne]
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tmp = invnorm(cdf.data[ind])
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x = sigma * uu + mean
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pp_tr = SmoothSpline(cdf.args[ind1], tmp[Ne:nd - Ne], p=opt.gsm, lin_extrap=opt.linextrap, var=gvar[ind1])
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#g(:,2) = smooth(Fx(ind1,1),tmp(Ne+1:end-Ne),opt.gsm,g(:,1),def,gvar);
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tr = TrData(pp_tr(x) , x, mean=mean, sigma=sigma)
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tr_emp = TrData(tmp, cdf.args[ind], mean=mean, sigma=sigma)
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tr_emp.setplotter('step')
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if opt.chkder:
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for ix in xrange(5):
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dy = diff(tr.data)
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if (dy <= 0).any():
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dy[dy > 0] = floatinfo.eps
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gvar = -(np.hstack((dy, 0)) + np.hstack((0, dy))) / 2 + floatinfo.eps
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pp_tr = SmoothSpline(cdf.args[ind1], tmp[Ne:nd - Ne], p=1, lin_extrap=opt.linextrap, var=ix * gvar)
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tr = TrData(pp_tr(x) , x, mean=mean, sigma=sigma)
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else:
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break
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else:
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msg = '''The empirical distribution is not sufficiently smoothed.
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The estimated transfer function, g, is not
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a strictly increasing function.'''
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warnings.warn(msg)
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g,g2 = the smoothed and empirical transformation, respectively.
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A two column matrix if multip=0.
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If multip=1 it is a 2*(m-1) column matrix where the
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first and second column is the transform
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for values in column 2 and third and fourth column is the
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transform for values in column 3 ......
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if opt.plotflag > 0:
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tr.plot()
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tr_emp.plot()
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return tr, tr_emp
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test = int (g(u)-u)^2 du where int. limits is given by param. This
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is a measure of departure of the data from the Gaussian model.
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def trdata(self, method='nonlinear', **options):
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'''
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Estimate transformation, g, from data.
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Parameters
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----------
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method : string
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'nonlinear' : transform based on smoothed crossing intensity (default)
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'mnonlinear': transform based on smoothed marginal distribution
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@ -1075,7 +1144,7 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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'ochi' : transform based on exponential function
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'linear' : identity.
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options = options structure with the following fields:
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options : keyword with the following fields:
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csm,gsm - defines the smoothing of the logarithm of crossing intensity
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and the transformation g, respectively. Valid values must
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be 0<=csm,gsm<=1. (default csm=0.9, gsm=0.05)
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@ -1101,10 +1170,14 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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estimation for long time series without loosing any
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accuracy. NTR should be chosen greater than
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PARAM(3). (default 1000)
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multip - 0 the data in columns belong to the same seastate (default).
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1 the data in columns are from separate seastates.
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DAT2TR estimates the transformation in a transformed Gaussian model.
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Returns
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-------
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tr, tr_emp : TrData objects
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with the smoothed and empirical transformation, respectively.
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TRDATA estimates the transformation in a transformed Gaussian model.
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Assumption: a Gaussian process, Y, is related to the
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non-Gaussian process, X, by Y = g(X).
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@ -1130,19 +1203,19 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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>>> S.tr = tm.TrOchi(mean=0, skew=0.16, kurt=0, sigma=Hs/4, ysigma=Hs/4)
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>>> xs = S.sim(ns=2**16, iseed=10)
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>>> ts = mat2timeseries(xs)
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>>> g0, gemp = ts.trdata(monitor=True) # Monitor the development
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>>> g1, gemp = ts.trdata(method='m', gvar=0.5 ) # Equal weight on all points
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>>> g2, gemp = ts.trdata(method='n', gvar=[3.5, 0.5, 3.5]) # Less weight on the ends
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>>> g0, g0emp = ts.trdata(monitor=True) # Monitor the development
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>>> g1, g1emp = ts.trdata(method='m', gvar=0.5 ) # Equal weight on all points
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>>> g2, g2emp = ts.trdata(method='n', gvar=[3.5, 0.5, 3.5]) # Less weight on the ends
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>>> int(S.tr.dist2gauss()*100)
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593
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>>> int(gemp.dist2gauss()*100)
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431
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>>> int(g0emp.dist2gauss()*100)
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439
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>>> int(g0.dist2gauss()*100)
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342
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432
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>>> int(g1.dist2gauss()*100)
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4.0
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234
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>>> int(g2.dist2gauss()*100)
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342
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437
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Hm0 = 7;
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S = jonswap([],Hm0); g=ochitr([],[Hm0/4]);
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@ -1177,7 +1250,7 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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# 'param',[-5 5 513],'delay',2,'linextrap','on','ne',7,...
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# 'cvar',1,'gvar',1,'multip',0);
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opt = DotDict(chkder=True, plotflag=True, csm=.95, gsm=.05,
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opt = DotDict(chkder=True, plotflag=False, csm=.95, gsm=.05,
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param=[-5, 5, 513], delay=2, ntr=inf, linextrap=True, ne=7, cvar=1, gvar=1,
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multip=False, crossdef='uM')
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opt.update(**options)
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@ -1192,9 +1265,9 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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tp = self.turning_points()
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mM = tp.cycle_pairs()
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lc = mM.level_crossings(opt.crossdef)
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return lc.trdata()
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return lc.trdata(mean=ma, sigma=sa, **opt)
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elif method[0] == 'm':
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return self._cdftr()
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return self._trdata_cdf(**opt)
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elif method[0] == 'h':
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ga1 = skew(self.data)
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ga2 = kurtosis(self.data, fisher=True) #kurt(xx(n+1:end))-3;
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@ -1253,7 +1326,9 @@ class TimeSeries(WafoData):
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t = self.args[ind]
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except:
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t = ind
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return TurningPoints(self.data[ind], t)
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mean = self.data.mean()
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stdev = self.data.std()
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return TurningPoints(self.data[ind], t, mean=mean, stdev=stdev)
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def trough_crest(self, v=None, wavetype=None):
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"""
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