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Python

"""This module contains functions to analyze the shoreline data along transects'
Author: Kilian Vos, Water Research Laboratory, University of New South Wales
"""
# load modules
import os
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pdb
# other modules
import skimage.transform as transform
from pylab import ginput
import pickle
import simplekml
import json
from osgeo import ogr
def find_indices(lst, condition):
"imitation of MATLAB find function"
return [i for i, elem in enumerate(lst) if condition(elem)]
def create_transect(origin, orientation, length):
"""
Create a 2D transect of points with 1m interval.
Arguments:
-----------
origin: np.array
contains the X and Y coordinates of the origin of the transect
orientation: int
angle of the transect (anti-clockwise from North) in degrees
length: int
length of the transect in metres
Returns:
-----------
transect: np.array
contains the X and Y coordinates of the transect
"""
x0 = origin[0]
y0 = origin[1]
# orientation of the transect
phi = (90 - orientation)*np.pi/180
# create a vector with points at 1 m intervals
x = np.linspace(0,length,length+1)
y = np.zeros(len(x))
coords = np.zeros((len(x),2))
coords[:,0] = x
coords[:,1] = y
# translate and rotate the vector using the origin and orientation
tf = transform.EuclideanTransform(rotation=phi, translation=(x0,y0))
transect = tf(coords)
return transect
def draw_transects(output, settings):
"""
Allows the user to draw shore-normal transects over the mapped shorelines.
Arguments:
-----------
output: dict
contains the extracted shorelines and corresponding dates.
settings: dict
contains parameters defining :
transect_length: length of the transect in metres
Returns:
-----------
transects: dict
contains the X and Y coordinates of all the transects drawn. These are also saved
as a .pkl and .kml (+ a .jpg figure showing the location of the transects)
"""
sitename = settings['inputs']['sitename']
length = settings['transect_length']
filepath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'data', sitename)
# plot all shorelines
fig1 = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig1.add_subplot(111)
ax1.axis('equal')
ax1.set_xlabel('Eastings [m]')
ax1.set_ylabel('Northings [m]')
ax1.grid(linestyle=':', color='0.5')
for i in range(len(output['shorelines'])):
sl = output['shorelines'][i]
date = output['dates'][i]
ax1.plot(sl[:, 0], sl[:, 1], '.', markersize=3, label=date.strftime('%d-%m-%Y'))
# ax1.legend()
fig1.set_tight_layout(True)
mng = plt.get_current_fig_manager()
mng.window.showMaximized()
ax1.set_title('Click two points to define each transect (first point is the origin of the transect).\n'+
'When all transects have been defined, click on <ENTER>', fontsize=16)
# initialise variable
transects = dict([])
counter = 0
# loop until user breaks it by click <enter>
while 1:
try:
pts = ginput(n=2, timeout=1e9)
origin = pts[0]
except:
fig1.gca().set_title('Transect locations', fontsize=16)
fig1.savefig(os.path.join(filepath, 'jpg_files', sitename + '_transect_locations.jpg'), dpi=200)
plt.title('Transects saved as ' + sitename + '_transects.pkl and ' + sitename + '_transects.kml ')
plt.draw()
ginput(n=1, timeout=5, show_clicks=True)
plt.close(fig1)
break
counter = counter + 1
# create the transect using the origin, orientation and length
temp = np.array(pts[1]) - np.array(origin)
phi = np.arctan2(temp[1], temp[0])
orientation = -(phi*180/np.pi - 90)
transect = create_transect(origin, orientation, length)
transects[str(counter)] = transect
# plot the transects on the figure
ax1.plot(transect[:,0], transect[:,1], 'b.', markersize=4)
ax1.plot(transect[0,0], transect[0,1], 'rx', markersize=10)
ax1.text(transect[-1,0], transect[-1,1], str(counter), size=16,
bbox=dict(boxstyle="square", ec='k',fc='w'))
plt.draw()
# save as transects.pkl
with open(os.path.join(filepath, sitename + '_transects.pkl'), 'wb') as f:
pickle.dump(transects, f)
# save as transects.kml (for GIS)
kml = simplekml.Kml()
for key in transects.keys():
newline = kml.newlinestring(name=key)
newline.coords = transects[key]
newline.description = 'user-defined cross-shore transect'
kml.save(os.path.join(filepath, sitename + '_transects.kml'))
print('Transect locations saved in ' + filepath)
return transects
def load_transects_from_kml(filename):
"""
Reads transect coordinates from a KML file.
Arguments:
-----------
filename: str
contains the path and filename of the KML file to be loaded
Returns:
-----------
transects: dict
contains the X and Y coordinates of each transect.
"""
# set driver
drv = ogr.GetDriverByName('KML')
# read file
file = drv.Open(filename)
layer = file.GetLayer()
feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
# initialise transects dictionnary
transects = dict([])
while feature:
f_dict = json.loads(feature.ExportToJson())
# raise an exception if the KML file contains other features that LineString geometries
if not f_dict['geometry']['type'] == 'LineString':
raise Exception('The KML file you provided does not contain LineString geometries. Modify your KML file and try again.')
# store the name of the feature and coordinates in the transects dictionnary
else:
name = f_dict['properties']['Name']
coords = np.array(f_dict['geometry']['coordinates'])[:,:-1]
transects[name] = coords
feature = layer.GetNextFeature()
print('%d transects have been loaded' % len(transects.keys()))
return transects
def compute_intersection(output, transects, settings):
"""
Computes the intersection between the 2D mapped shorelines and the transects, to generate
time-series of cross-shore distance along each transect.
Arguments:
-----------
output: dict
contains the extracted shorelines and corresponding dates.
transects: dict
contains the X and Y coordinates of the transects (first and last point needed for each
transect).
settings: dict
contains parameters defining :
along_dist: alongshore distance to caluclate the intersection (median of points
within this distance).
Returns:
-----------
cross_dist: dict
time-series of cross-shore distance along each of the transects. These are not tidally
corrected.
"""
shorelines = output['shorelines']
along_dist = settings['along_dist']
# initialise variables
chainage_mtx = np.zeros((len(shorelines),len(transects),6))
idx_points = []
for i in range(len(shorelines)):
sl = shorelines[i]
idx_points_all = []
for j,key in enumerate(list(transects.keys())):
# compute rotation matrix
X0 = transects[key][0,0]
Y0 = transects[key][0,1]
temp = np.array(transects[key][-1,:]) - np.array(transects[key][0,:])
phi = np.arctan2(temp[1], temp[0])
Mrot = np.array([[np.cos(phi), np.sin(phi)],[-np.sin(phi), np.cos(phi)]])
# calculate point to line distance between shoreline points and the transect
p1 = np.array([X0,Y0])
p2 = transects[key][-1,:]
d_line = np.abs(np.cross(p2-p1,sl-p1)/np.linalg.norm(p2-p1))
# calculate the distance between shoreline points and the origin of the transect
d_origin = np.array([np.linalg.norm(sl[k,:] - p1) for k in range(len(sl))])
# find the shoreline points that are close to the transects and to the origin
# the distance to the origin is hard-coded here to 1 km
logic_close = np.logical_and(d_line <= along_dist, d_origin <= 1000)
idx_close = find_indices(logic_close, lambda e: e == True)
idx_points_all.append(idx_close)
# in case there are no shoreline points close to the transect
if not idx_close:
chainage_mtx[i,j,:] = np.tile(np.nan,(1,6))
else:
# change of base to shore-normal coordinate system
xy_close = np.array([sl[idx_close,0],sl[idx_close,1]]) - np.tile(np.array([[X0],
[Y0]]), (1,len(sl[idx_close])))
xy_rot = np.matmul(Mrot, xy_close)
# compute mean, median, max, min and std of chainage position
n_points = len(xy_rot[0,:])
mean_cross = np.nanmean(xy_rot[0,:])
median_cross = np.nanmedian(xy_rot[0,:])
max_cross = np.nanmax(xy_rot[0,:])
min_cross = np.nanmin(xy_rot[0,:])
std_cross = np.nanstd(xy_rot[0,:])
# store all statistics
chainage_mtx[i,j,:] = np.array([mean_cross, median_cross, max_cross,
min_cross, n_points, std_cross])
# store the indices of the shoreline points that were used
idx_points.append(idx_points_all)
# format into dictionnary
chainage = dict([])
chainage['mean'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,0]
chainage['median'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,1]
chainage['max'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,2]
chainage['min'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,3]
chainage['npoints'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,4]
chainage['std'] = chainage_mtx[:,:,5]
chainage['idx_points'] = idx_points
# only return the median
cross_dist = dict([])
for j,key in enumerate(list(transects.keys())):
cross_dist[key] = chainage['median'][:,j]
return cross_dist